Youngs modulus also, known as modulus of elasticity, it is the ratio of longitudinal stress to that of longitudinal strain. Learn from youngs modulus experts like frontiers and shaoyun fu. The goal of this experiment is to remove the obscurity behind youngs modulus by exploring the phenomena associated with itnamely, the frequency of a plucked guitar string in relation to a change in length. In this laboratory experiment, you are required to find poissons ratio and youngs modulus for the. Experimental techniques to determine the youngs modulus.
Experiment 3 modulus of elasticity related topics youngs modulus, modulus of elasticity, stress, deformation, poissons ratio, hookes law. The key equations that would be effective to use in my experiment is, the youngs modulus is a measure of elasticity and stiffness of a specific material. The elastic youngs modulus of fibroblast cells after exposure to gfs significantly decreases by 20% than the control cells, whereas cells exposed to mwcnts decreased 10%. An improvement of searles method is suggested by b. A patients leg was put into traction, stretching the femur from a length of 0. When compared to the accepted value this represents a percent difference of 94. This manual assumes the students know how to use all these instruments, help may. This is a specific form of hookes law of elasticity.
Youngs modulus, fracture strength, and poissons ratio of nanocrystalline diamond films article pdf available in journal of applied physics 116. Our mission is to provide a free, worldclass education to anyone, anywhere. A prediction method of tensile youngs modulus of concrete. A simple low cost demonstration experiment is performed using common apparatus in order to show various flexural patterns and to give a dynamical measure of youngs modulus. Determining youngs modulus by measuring guitar string. Youngs modulus experiment appliedstatics eme1016 mmu. To determine the youngs modulus of the thin epicuticle, tensile tests were performed. The testing and data analysis steps as followed in the experiments and based root effects and large deflections. Measure the gradient of the straight portion of the graph and use this to calculate the young modulus for the copper.
This experiment did not directly measure any elasticity parameter, but only observed. It is bent by the action a force acting at its centre. The value depends on the force applied and the components. Activityforces, elasticity, stress, strain and young s modulus handout 1. At as, its a wellknown experiment to measure the young modulus of a material like copper which is quite stretchy k small, in other words. In this video lets explore this thing called youngs modulus which gives a relationship between the stress and strain for a given material. Knowledge of the tensile youngs modulus of concrete at early ages is important for estimating the risk of cracking due to restrained shrinkage and thermal contraction.
The youngs modulus is given by the ratio of stress to strain for the stretchingtype strains only. Good agreement between experiment and theory is obtained. Youngs modulus experiment worksheet teaching resources. Youngs modulus youngs modulus is the elastic modulus we use for deformation which takes place when a force which is parallel to the axis of the object is applied to one face while the opposite face is held fixed by another equal force.
An undergraduate experiment on the vibration of a cantilever and its application to the determination of youngs modulus. Forces, elasticity, stress, strain and youngs modulus. Relevant to the youngs modulus experiment are the use of appropriate analogue apparatus, use of methods to increase accuracy and the use of calipers and micrometers so the gravity, interference and electrical properties podcasts are contain discussions about relevant curriculum points. Results of the youngs modulus by the pressure difference method71. For example, the youngs modulus of a particular metal could be measured by subjecting a wire made of this metal to a stretching force, as we do in this lab. Evaluation of the frequencydependent youngs modulus and damping factor of rubber from experiment and their implementation in a niteelement analysis david koblar1, miha bolte zar2 1 domel d. In this lesson, learn how to calculate youngs modulus and what it can tell you about the material. One of the most preferred methods to determine the youngs modulus is the use of indentation experiments using the evaluation technique introduced by oliver and pharr.
This experiment makes use of traveling microscope to measure elongation of the wire. A new vibration beam technique for the fast determination of the dynamic young modulus is developed. The technique was validated in experiments on thin film specimens of silicon nitride deposited on a silicon substrate see figure3. Describe a good technique for measuring the diameter. Evaluation of the frequencydependent youngs modulus and. Again with a uniform internal radial pressure q and freeends at r r, the hoop. Background information what is youngs modulus, how do we use a stress strain curve to determine it, etc 3. Experimental determination of youngs modulus of elasticity. Pdf a simple low cost demonstration experiment is performed using common apparatus. Forces, elasticity, stress, strain and young s modulus forces exerted on aortic valves during blood flow.
Experimental tensile testing evaluates the stress and strain ratio based on elastic, plastic or rupture point. This document is highly rated by jee students and has been viewed 11 times. Measuring youngs modulus of a wooden bar using flexural. There is an alternative experiment to measure youngs modulus. In the process, you will gain an understanding of the concepts of stress and strain. To evaluate the validity of this approach, the tensile. Activityforces, elasticity, stress, strain and youngs modulus handout 2 elasticity and youngs modulus elasticity describes a material property in which the material returns to its original shape after stress has been applied and then removed. Video of the experiment to determine the youngs modulus of a metal wire using a travelling microscope. Youngs modules objective to study the stress and strain of the material, to study the. Within this range where hookes law applies, the ratio of. Experimental determination of the youngs modulus of. Pdf a simple experiment on flexural vibrations and young.
Manual hand operation may distort the structure while. This study aimed to develop a simple measuring method to determine youngs modulus of a wooden bar by measuring its flexural vibration without measuring its weight. We used the concept of hookes law, which states that in a certain range, the strain or deformation of a material is proportional to the stress applied to it. Youngs modulus of fishing wire abstract i have found out that there is a reduction in errors when there are accurate ways of measuring used such as using a micrometre instead of vernier caliphers and using a wire with a smaller diameter means we can be more accurate with measuring the youngs. Since the load w1 has been applied at the free end of the beam, the. Research a value for the young modulus of copper and comment on your result. Explain why a long wire is most suitable for this experiment. The youngs modulus and shear modulus of extruded polystyrene foam were obtained by measurements using the longitudinal and flexural vibration methods on specimens with various lengths and performing a subsequent numerical analysis on the test data.
Youngs modulus definition and meaning collins english. The vast majority of papers concentrate on the experimental methodology for tiny specimens or structures. The modulus of elasticity youngs modulus e is a material property, that describes its stiffness and is therefore one of the most important properties of solid. Medical technology uses youngs modulus for safe implants. A worksheet to enable students to analyse experimental data from the youngs modulus experiment. Experimental techniques to determine the youngs modulus of the trachea vera hermawan thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of the master of engineering auckland university of technology auckland. Flexural vibration test of a beam elastically restrained. The method is based on measuring the resonant frequency of flexural vibrations of a partially restrained rectangular beam. This was our first lab, and the goal was to determine youngs modulus of elasticity of a thin wire by stretching. Measurement of the youngs modulus and shear modulus of. Youngs modulus,tensiontests, bending and compression. When the heart is pumping during systole, blood is forced through the heart and the various vessels associated with blood flow. Determination of the youngs modulus of the epicuticle of. Youngs modulus determines the elasticity value for materials.
Explain why a value withtwo significant figures is appropriate for the answer. Youngs modulus and the inplane shear modulus of these materials can be obtained more precisely. Yoshitaka kubojima, a, hideo kato, b mario tonosaki, c and satomi sonoda d. As the shown in figure 1 the sample was never taken past the elastic region. View notes youngs modulus report from language 100 at guangdong university of foreign studies. Measuring youngs modulus of a wooden bar using flexural vibration without measuring its weight. Youngs modulus experiment 1 free download as word doc. Principle and task a flat bar is supported at two points. Youngs modulus by searles method experiment solved. The forcevolume measurements were done at least 22 points per cell. A demonstration of how to experimentally determine the young modulus of a metal wire. You are free to use or share these notes for noncommercial purposes.
Experimentally, the young modulus is determined by tensile stress tests experiments. In this demo we measured the value of youngs modulus for a copper wire. Youngs modulus experiment 1 beam structure youngs modulus. Try the data analysis yourself, download a free works. We are going to determine the young s modulus of the material of a spring by recording its time period of oscillation when loaded by a certain weight. Youngs modulus is named after the 19thcentury british scientist thomas young. Youngs modulus is a material property that tells you how stiff or stretchy a material is. A student performs an experiment to determine the youngs modulus of. The stripshaped specimen fixed at one end to a force sensor and free at the other forms the euler bernoulli cantilever beam with linear and torsion spring on the fixed end. The data collected in the video can be used to complete a table and graph. Im doing an experiment write up for the young modulus. The same procedure is repeated for unloading the weights in steps of half kg. The modulus of elasticity is determined from the bending and the geometric data of the.
Youngs modulus can be calculated using the equation 3 simulator procedure as performed through the online. The writeup of this experiment is given in a pdf document available online 8. Youngs modulus is named after thomas young,19th century,british scientist. Youngs modulus differences between untreated cells and cells exposed to mwcnts and gfs. When a rod or wire of length l and cross section a is under tension. With the knowledge that bone has a youngs modulus of 1. What i want to know is the problems that can occur during a standard classroom experiment that could effect the. Calculate the value of youngs modulus of copper bar by nonuniform bending. Ratio of the linear stress to strain in this region is called youngs modulus. As experimental data are given in terms of yarn stiffness, the young modulus has to be updated during the simulation in order to ensure a constant stiffness of the yarn even when its crosssectional area changes, using the simple relation. By tightening a guitar string around the tuning peg, the string is stretched by small increments, creating a tension force f t on the. In solid mechanics, youngs modulus is defines as the ratio of the longitudinal stress over longitudinal strain, in the range of elasticity the hooks law holds stress is directly proportional to strain.
However, most often, the tensile modulus is considered equal to the compressive modulus and is estimated empirically based on the measurements of compressive strength. The writeup of this experiment is given in a pdf document. The value for the young modulus i got was far off from the true value, but i think this was expected. The machine used in this experiment was an electronic.
Core practical 5teacher sheet determine the young modulus of a material. Determination of young s modulus from static deflection data a technique for extracting youngs modulus from static deflection data was presented 1. For 20 gauge copper wire the following experimental results produced a youngs modulus constant of 6063 mpa, or 6. Let us assume we have done an experiment where we have applied different. And best of all its ad free, so sign up now and start using at home or in the classroom. From these observations the extension, l for a load m can be determined. To investigate the relationship between load, span, width, height and the deflection of a beam that placed on two bearers and affected by a concentrated load at the centre. The final value for youngs modulus is obtained by taking an average over this range and is given for each material used for test. Determine the young modulus of a material objective. Discover the best youngs modulus books and audiobooks. A simple experiment on flexural vibrations and youngs modulus measurement article pdf available in physics education 443. Evaluation of the elastic youngs modulus and cytotoxicity. The results obtained by the experiment and numerical analysis revealed that the youngs modulus was independent of the specimen configuration.
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